mirror of
https://github.com/NohamR/knowledge-kit.git
synced 2026-05-24 20:00:37 +00:00
docs: 批量博文
This commit is contained in:
303
Chapter1 - iOS/1.32.md
Normal file
303
Chapter1 - iOS/1.32.md
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,303 @@
|
||||
# 终极截屏
|
||||
|
||||
- **-(void)snapshotForView:(__kindof UIView *)view;**
|
||||
|
||||
今天新学到这种写法,__kindof 是苹果声明的一个特性,是 Xcode7 出现的新特性。
|
||||
|
||||
- 假如我们想声明一个方法,这个方法的参数必须是一个 UIView 类型的对象,那么我们应该可以写成下面这个样子
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
-(void)snapshotForView:(UIView *)view;
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
- 那么我们想声明一个方法,这个方法的参数必须是 UIView 及其 UIView 的子类,那么前一种写法就满足不了我们的需求了,这时候引入了 __kindof 方法
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
-(void)snapshotForView:(__kindof UIView *)view;
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
**UIWebView 截图**
|
||||
|
||||
对 UIWebView 截图比较简单,renderInContext 这个方法相信大家都不会陌生,这个方法是 CALayer 的一个实例方法,可以用来对大部分 View 进行截图。我们知道,UIWebView 承载内容的其实是作为其子 View 的 UIScrollView,所以对 UIWebView 截图应该对其 scrollView 进行截图。具体的截图方法如下:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
- (void)snapshotForScrollView:(UIScrollView *)scrollView
|
||||
{
|
||||
// 1. 记录当前 scrollView 的偏移和位置
|
||||
CGPoint currentOffset = scrollView.contentOffset;
|
||||
CGRect currentFrame = scrollView.frame;
|
||||
|
||||
scrollView.contentOffset = CGPointZero;
|
||||
// 2. 将 scrollView 展开为其实际内容的大小
|
||||
scrollView.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, scrollView.contentSize.width, scrollView.contentSize.height);
|
||||
|
||||
// 3. 第三个参数设置为 0 表示设置为屏幕的默认缩放因子
|
||||
UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(scrollView.contentSize, YES, 0);
|
||||
[scrollView.layer renderInContext:UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()];
|
||||
UIImage *snapshotImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
|
||||
UIGraphicsEndImageContext();
|
||||
|
||||
// 4. 重新设置 scrollView 的偏移和位置,还原现场
|
||||
scrollView.contentOffset = currentOffset;
|
||||
scrollView.frame = currentFrame;
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**WKWebView 截图**
|
||||
|
||||
虽然 WKWebView 里也有 scrollView,但是直接对这个 scrollView 截图得到的是一片空白的,具体原因不明。一番 Google 之后可以看到好些人提到 drawViewHierarchyInRect 方法, 可以看到这个方法是 iOS 7.0 开始引入的。官方文档中描述为:
|
||||
|
||||
> Renders a snapshot of the complete view hierarchy as visible onscreen into the current context.
|
||||
|
||||
注意其中的 **visible onscreen**,也就是将屏幕中可见部分渲染到上下文中,这也解释了为什么对 WKWebView 中的 scrollView 展开为实际内容大小,再调用 drawViewHierarchyInRect 方法总是得到一张不完整的截图(只有屏幕可见区域被正确截到,其他区域为空白)。
|
||||
|
||||
不过,这样倒是给我们提供了一个思路,可以将 WKWebView 按屏幕高度裁成 n 页,然后将 WKWebView 一页一页的往上推,每推一页就调用一次 drawViewHierarchyInRect 将当前屏幕的截图渲染到上下文中,最后调用 UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext 从上下文中获取的图片即为完整截图。
|
||||
|
||||
核心代码如下:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
- (void)snapshotForWKWebView:(WKWebView *)webView
|
||||
{
|
||||
// 1
|
||||
UIView *snapshotView = [webView snapshotViewAfterScreenUpdates:YES];
|
||||
[webView.superview addSubview:snapshotView];
|
||||
|
||||
// 2
|
||||
CGPoint currentOffset = webView.scrollView.contentOffset;
|
||||
...
|
||||
|
||||
// 3
|
||||
UIView *containerView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:webView.bounds];
|
||||
[webView removeFromSuperview];
|
||||
[containerView addSubview:webView];
|
||||
|
||||
// 4
|
||||
CGSize totalSize = webView.scrollView.contentSize;
|
||||
NSInteger page = ceil(totalSize.height / containerView.bounds.size.height);
|
||||
|
||||
webView.scrollView.contentOffset = CGPointZero;
|
||||
webView.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, containerView.bounds.size.width, webView.scrollView.contentSize.height);
|
||||
|
||||
UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(totalSize, YES, UIScreen.mainScreen.scale);
|
||||
[self drawContentPage:0 maxIndex:page completion:^{
|
||||
UIImage *snapshotImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
|
||||
UIGraphicsEndImageContext();
|
||||
|
||||
// 8
|
||||
[webView removeFromSuperview];
|
||||
...
|
||||
}];
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
- (void)drawContentPage(NSInteger)index maxIndex:(NSInteger)maxIndex completion:(dispatch_block_t)completion
|
||||
{
|
||||
// 5
|
||||
CGRect splitFrame = CGRectMake(0, index * CGRectGetHeight(containerView.bounds), containerView.bounds.size.width, containerView.frame.size.height);
|
||||
CGRect myFrame = webView.frame;
|
||||
myFrame.origin.y = -(index * containerView.frame.size.height);
|
||||
webView.frame = myFrame;
|
||||
|
||||
// 6
|
||||
[targetView drawViewHierarchyInRect:splitFrame afterScreenUpdates:YES];
|
||||
|
||||
// 7
|
||||
if (index < maxIndex) {
|
||||
[self drawContentPage:index + 1 maxIndex:maxIndex completion:completion];
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
completion();
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
代码注意项如下(对应代码注释中的序号):
|
||||
|
||||
1. 为了截图时对 frame 进行操作不会出现闪屏等现象,我们需要盖一个“假”的 webView 到现在的位置上,并将真正的 webView “摘下来”。调用 snapshotViewAfterScreenUpdates 即可得到这样一个“假”的 webView
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
2. 保存真正的 webView 的偏移、位置等信息,以便截图完成之后“还原现场”
|
||||
|
||||
3. 用一个新的视图承载“真正的” webView,这个视图也是绘图所用到的上下文
|
||||
|
||||
4. 将 webView 按照实际内容高度和屏幕高度分成 page 页
|
||||
|
||||
5. 得到每一页的实际位置,并将 webView 往上推到该位置
|
||||
|
||||
6. 调用 drawViewHierarchyInRect 将当前位置的 webView 渲染到上下文中
|
||||
|
||||
7. 如果还未到达最后一页,则递归调用 drawViewHierarchyInRect 方法进行渲染;如果已经渲染完了全部页,则回调通知截图完成
|
||||
|
||||
8. 调用 UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext 方法从当前上下文中获取到完整截图,将第 2 步中保存的信息重新赋予到 webView 上,“还原现场”
|
||||
|
||||
注意:我们的截图方法中有对 webView 的 frame 进行操作,如果其他地方如果有对 frame 进行操作的话,是会影响我们截图的。所以在截图时应该禁用掉其他地方对 frame 的改变,就像这样:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
- (void)layoutWebView
|
||||
{
|
||||
if (!_isCapturing) {
|
||||
self.wkWebView.frame = [self frameForWebView];
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
|
||||
@class PPSnapshotHandler;
|
||||
|
||||
@protocol PPSnapshotHandlerDelegate <NSObject>
|
||||
|
||||
@optional
|
||||
|
||||
- (void)snapshotHandler:(PPSnapshotHandler *)snapshotHandler didFinish:(UIImage *)captureImage forView:(UIView *)view;
|
||||
|
||||
@end
|
||||
|
||||
@interface PPSnapshotHandler : NSObject
|
||||
|
||||
+ (instancetype)defaultHandler;
|
||||
|
||||
@property (nonatomic, weak) id<PPSnapshotHandlerDelegate> delegate;
|
||||
|
||||
- (void)snapshotForView:(__kindof UIView *)view;
|
||||
|
||||
@end
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
#import "PPSnapshotHandler.h"
|
||||
#import <WebKit/WebKit.h>
|
||||
|
||||
#define DELAY_TIME_DRAW 0.1
|
||||
|
||||
@interface PPSnapshotHandler () {
|
||||
BOOL _isCapturing;
|
||||
UIView *_captureView;
|
||||
}
|
||||
@end
|
||||
|
||||
@implementation PPSnapshotHandler
|
||||
|
||||
+ (instancetype)defaultHandler
|
||||
{
|
||||
static dispatch_once_t onceToken;
|
||||
static PPSnapshotHandler *defaultHandler = nil;
|
||||
dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{
|
||||
defaultHandler = [[PPSnapshotHandler alloc] init];
|
||||
});
|
||||
return defaultHandler;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#pragma mark - public method
|
||||
|
||||
- (void)snapshotForView:(__kindof UIView *)view
|
||||
{
|
||||
if (!view || _isCapturing) {
|
||||
return;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
_captureView = view;
|
||||
|
||||
if ([view isKindOfClass:[UIScrollView class]]) {
|
||||
[self snapshotForScrollView:(UIScrollView *)view];
|
||||
} else if ([view isKindOfClass:[UIWebView class]]) {
|
||||
UIWebView *webView = (UIWebView *)view;
|
||||
[self snapshotForScrollView:webView.scrollView];
|
||||
} else if ([view isKindOfClass:[WKWebView class]]) {
|
||||
[self snapshotForWKWebView:(WKWebView *)view];
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#pragma mark - WKWebView
|
||||
|
||||
- (void)snapshotForWKWebView:(WKWebView *)webView
|
||||
{
|
||||
UIView *snapshotView = [webView snapshotViewAfterScreenUpdates:YES];
|
||||
snapshotView.frame = webView.frame;
|
||||
[webView.superview addSubview:snapshotView];
|
||||
|
||||
CGPoint currentOffset = webView.scrollView.contentOffset;
|
||||
CGRect currentFrame = webView.frame;
|
||||
UIView *currentSuperView = webView.superview;
|
||||
NSUInteger currentIndex = [webView.superview.subviews indexOfObject:webView];
|
||||
|
||||
UIView *containerView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:webView.bounds];
|
||||
[webView removeFromSuperview];
|
||||
[containerView addSubview:webView];
|
||||
|
||||
CGSize totalSize = webView.scrollView.contentSize;
|
||||
NSInteger page = ceil(totalSize.height / containerView.bounds.size.height);
|
||||
|
||||
webView.scrollView.contentOffset = CGPointZero;
|
||||
webView.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, containerView.bounds.size.width, webView.scrollView.contentSize.height);
|
||||
|
||||
UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(totalSize, YES, UIScreen.mainScreen.scale);
|
||||
[self drawContentPage:containerView webView:webView index:0 maxIndex:page completion:^{
|
||||
UIImage *snapshotImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
|
||||
UIGraphicsEndImageContext();
|
||||
|
||||
[webView removeFromSuperview];
|
||||
[currentSuperView insertSubview:webView atIndex:currentIndex];
|
||||
webView.frame = currentFrame;
|
||||
webView.scrollView.contentOffset = currentOffset;
|
||||
|
||||
[snapshotView removeFromSuperview];
|
||||
|
||||
self->_isCapturing = NO;
|
||||
|
||||
if (self.delegate && [self.delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(snapshotHandler:didFinish:forView:)]) {
|
||||
[self.delegate snapshotHandler:self didFinish:snapshotImage forView:self->_captureView];
|
||||
}
|
||||
}];
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
- (void)drawContentPage:(UIView *)targetView webView:(WKWebView *)webView index:(NSInteger)index maxIndex:(NSInteger)maxIndex completion:(dispatch_block_t)completion
|
||||
{
|
||||
CGRect splitFrame = CGRectMake(0, index * CGRectGetHeight(targetView.bounds), targetView.bounds.size.width, targetView.frame.size.height);
|
||||
CGRect myFrame = webView.frame;
|
||||
myFrame.origin.y = -(index * targetView.frame.size.height);
|
||||
webView.frame = myFrame;
|
||||
|
||||
dispatch_after(dispatch_time(DISPATCH_TIME_NOW, (int64_t)(DELAY_TIME_DRAW * NSEC_PER_SEC)), dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
|
||||
[targetView drawViewHierarchyInRect:splitFrame afterScreenUpdates:YES];
|
||||
|
||||
if (index < maxIndex) {
|
||||
[self drawContentPage:targetView webView:webView index:index + 1 maxIndex:maxIndex completion:completion];
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
completion();
|
||||
}
|
||||
});
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#pragma mark - UIScrollView
|
||||
|
||||
- (void)snapshotForScrollView:(UIScrollView *)scrollView
|
||||
{
|
||||
CGPoint currentOffset = scrollView.contentOffset;
|
||||
CGRect currentFrame = scrollView.frame;
|
||||
|
||||
scrollView.contentOffset = CGPointZero;
|
||||
scrollView.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, scrollView.contentSize.width, scrollView.contentSize.height);
|
||||
|
||||
UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(scrollView.contentSize, YES, UIScreen.mainScreen.scale);
|
||||
[scrollView.layer renderInContext:UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()];
|
||||
UIImage *snapshotImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
|
||||
UIGraphicsEndImageContext();
|
||||
|
||||
scrollView.contentOffset = currentOffset;
|
||||
scrollView.frame = currentFrame;
|
||||
|
||||
if (self.delegate && [self.delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(snapshotHandler:didFinish:forView:)]) {
|
||||
[self.delegate snapshotHandler:self didFinish:snapshotImage forView:_captureView];
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
@end
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user