11 KiB
终极截屏
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*-(void)snapshotForView:(__kindof UIView )view;
今天新学到这种写法,__kindof 是苹果声明的一个特性,是 Xcode7 出现的新特性。
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假如我们想声明一个方法,这个方法的参数必须是一个 UIView 类型的对象,那么我们应该可以写成下面这个样子
-(void)snapshotForView:(UIView *)view; -
那么我们想声明一个方法,这个方法的参数必须是 UIView 及其 UIView 的子类,那么前一种写法就满足不了我们的需求了,这时候引入了 __kindof 方法
-(void)snapshotForView:(__kindof UIView *)view;
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UIWebView 截图
对 UIWebView 截图比较简单,renderInContext 这个方法相信大家都不会陌生,这个方法是 CALayer 的一个实例方法,可以用来对大部分 View 进行截图。我们知道,UIWebView 承载内容的其实是作为其子 View 的 UIScrollView,所以对 UIWebView 截图应该对其 scrollView 进行截图。具体的截图方法如下:
- (void)snapshotForScrollView:(UIScrollView *)scrollView
{
// 1. 记录当前 scrollView 的偏移和位置
CGPoint currentOffset = scrollView.contentOffset;
CGRect currentFrame = scrollView.frame;
scrollView.contentOffset = CGPointZero;
// 2. 将 scrollView 展开为其实际内容的大小
scrollView.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, scrollView.contentSize.width, scrollView.contentSize.height);
// 3. 第三个参数设置为 0 表示设置为屏幕的默认缩放因子
UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(scrollView.contentSize, YES, 0);
[scrollView.layer renderInContext:UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()];
UIImage *snapshotImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
UIGraphicsEndImageContext();
// 4. 重新设置 scrollView 的偏移和位置,还原现场
scrollView.contentOffset = currentOffset;
scrollView.frame = currentFrame;
}
WKWebView 截图
虽然 WKWebView 里也有 scrollView,但是直接对这个 scrollView 截图得到的是一片空白的,具体原因不明。一番 Google 之后可以看到好些人提到 drawViewHierarchyInRect 方法, 可以看到这个方法是 iOS 7.0 开始引入的。官方文档中描述为:
Renders a snapshot of the complete view hierarchy as visible onscreen into the current context.
注意其中的 visible onscreen,也就是将屏幕中可见部分渲染到上下文中,这也解释了为什么对 WKWebView 中的 scrollView 展开为实际内容大小,再调用 drawViewHierarchyInRect 方法总是得到一张不完整的截图(只有屏幕可见区域被正确截到,其他区域为空白)。
不过,这样倒是给我们提供了一个思路,可以将 WKWebView 按屏幕高度裁成 n 页,然后将 WKWebView 一页一页的往上推,每推一页就调用一次 drawViewHierarchyInRect 将当前屏幕的截图渲染到上下文中,最后调用 UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext 从上下文中获取的图片即为完整截图。
核心代码如下:
- (void)snapshotForWKWebView:(WKWebView *)webView
{
// 1
UIView *snapshotView = [webView snapshotViewAfterScreenUpdates:YES];
[webView.superview addSubview:snapshotView];
// 2
CGPoint currentOffset = webView.scrollView.contentOffset;
...
// 3
UIView *containerView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:webView.bounds];
[webView removeFromSuperview];
[containerView addSubview:webView];
// 4
CGSize totalSize = webView.scrollView.contentSize;
NSInteger page = ceil(totalSize.height / containerView.bounds.size.height);
webView.scrollView.contentOffset = CGPointZero;
webView.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, containerView.bounds.size.width, webView.scrollView.contentSize.height);
UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(totalSize, YES, UIScreen.mainScreen.scale);
[self drawContentPage:0 maxIndex:page completion:^{
UIImage *snapshotImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
UIGraphicsEndImageContext();
// 8
[webView removeFromSuperview];
...
}];
}
- (void)drawContentPage(NSInteger)index maxIndex:(NSInteger)maxIndex completion:(dispatch_block_t)completion
{
// 5
CGRect splitFrame = CGRectMake(0, index * CGRectGetHeight(containerView.bounds), containerView.bounds.size.width, containerView.frame.size.height);
CGRect myFrame = webView.frame;
myFrame.origin.y = -(index * containerView.frame.size.height);
webView.frame = myFrame;
// 6
[targetView drawViewHierarchyInRect:splitFrame afterScreenUpdates:YES];
// 7
if (index < maxIndex) {
[self drawContentPage:index + 1 maxIndex:maxIndex completion:completion];
} else {
completion();
}
}
代码注意项如下(对应代码注释中的序号):
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为了截图时对 frame 进行操作不会出现闪屏等现象,我们需要盖一个“假”的 webView 到现在的位置上,并将真正的 webView “摘下来”。调用 snapshotViewAfterScreenUpdates 即可得到这样一个“假”的 webView
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保存真正的 webView 的偏移、位置等信息,以便截图完成之后“还原现场”
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用一个新的视图承载“真正的” webView,这个视图也是绘图所用到的上下文
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将 webView 按照实际内容高度和屏幕高度分成 page 页
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得到每一页的实际位置,并将 webView 往上推到该位置
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调用 drawViewHierarchyInRect 将当前位置的 webView 渲染到上下文中
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如果还未到达最后一页,则递归调用 drawViewHierarchyInRect 方法进行渲染;如果已经渲染完了全部页,则回调通知截图完成
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调用 UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext 方法从当前上下文中获取到完整截图,将第 2 步中保存的信息重新赋予到 webView 上,“还原现场”
注意:我们的截图方法中有对 webView 的 frame 进行操作,如果其他地方如果有对 frame 进行操作的话,是会影响我们截图的。所以在截图时应该禁用掉其他地方对 frame 的改变,就像这样:
- (void)layoutWebView
{
if (!_isCapturing) {
self.wkWebView.frame = [self frameForWebView];
}
}
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
@class PPSnapshotHandler;
@protocol PPSnapshotHandlerDelegate <NSObject>
@optional
- (void)snapshotHandler:(PPSnapshotHandler *)snapshotHandler didFinish:(UIImage *)captureImage forView:(UIView *)view;
@end
@interface PPSnapshotHandler : NSObject
+ (instancetype)defaultHandler;
@property (nonatomic, weak) id<PPSnapshotHandlerDelegate> delegate;
- (void)snapshotForView:(__kindof UIView *)view;
@end
#import "PPSnapshotHandler.h"
#import <WebKit/WebKit.h>
#define DELAY_TIME_DRAW 0.1
@interface PPSnapshotHandler () {
BOOL _isCapturing;
UIView *_captureView;
}
@end
@implementation PPSnapshotHandler
+ (instancetype)defaultHandler
{
static dispatch_once_t onceToken;
static PPSnapshotHandler *defaultHandler = nil;
dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{
defaultHandler = [[PPSnapshotHandler alloc] init];
});
return defaultHandler;
}
#pragma mark - public method
- (void)snapshotForView:(__kindof UIView *)view
{
if (!view || _isCapturing) {
return;
}
_captureView = view;
if ([view isKindOfClass:[UIScrollView class]]) {
[self snapshotForScrollView:(UIScrollView *)view];
} else if ([view isKindOfClass:[UIWebView class]]) {
UIWebView *webView = (UIWebView *)view;
[self snapshotForScrollView:webView.scrollView];
} else if ([view isKindOfClass:[WKWebView class]]) {
[self snapshotForWKWebView:(WKWebView *)view];
}
}
#pragma mark - WKWebView
- (void)snapshotForWKWebView:(WKWebView *)webView
{
UIView *snapshotView = [webView snapshotViewAfterScreenUpdates:YES];
snapshotView.frame = webView.frame;
[webView.superview addSubview:snapshotView];
CGPoint currentOffset = webView.scrollView.contentOffset;
CGRect currentFrame = webView.frame;
UIView *currentSuperView = webView.superview;
NSUInteger currentIndex = [webView.superview.subviews indexOfObject:webView];
UIView *containerView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:webView.bounds];
[webView removeFromSuperview];
[containerView addSubview:webView];
CGSize totalSize = webView.scrollView.contentSize;
NSInteger page = ceil(totalSize.height / containerView.bounds.size.height);
webView.scrollView.contentOffset = CGPointZero;
webView.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, containerView.bounds.size.width, webView.scrollView.contentSize.height);
UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(totalSize, YES, UIScreen.mainScreen.scale);
[self drawContentPage:containerView webView:webView index:0 maxIndex:page completion:^{
UIImage *snapshotImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
UIGraphicsEndImageContext();
[webView removeFromSuperview];
[currentSuperView insertSubview:webView atIndex:currentIndex];
webView.frame = currentFrame;
webView.scrollView.contentOffset = currentOffset;
[snapshotView removeFromSuperview];
self->_isCapturing = NO;
if (self.delegate && [self.delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(snapshotHandler:didFinish:forView:)]) {
[self.delegate snapshotHandler:self didFinish:snapshotImage forView:self->_captureView];
}
}];
}
- (void)drawContentPage:(UIView *)targetView webView:(WKWebView *)webView index:(NSInteger)index maxIndex:(NSInteger)maxIndex completion:(dispatch_block_t)completion
{
CGRect splitFrame = CGRectMake(0, index * CGRectGetHeight(targetView.bounds), targetView.bounds.size.width, targetView.frame.size.height);
CGRect myFrame = webView.frame;
myFrame.origin.y = -(index * targetView.frame.size.height);
webView.frame = myFrame;
dispatch_after(dispatch_time(DISPATCH_TIME_NOW, (int64_t)(DELAY_TIME_DRAW * NSEC_PER_SEC)), dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
[targetView drawViewHierarchyInRect:splitFrame afterScreenUpdates:YES];
if (index < maxIndex) {
[self drawContentPage:targetView webView:webView index:index + 1 maxIndex:maxIndex completion:completion];
} else {
completion();
}
});
}
#pragma mark - UIScrollView
- (void)snapshotForScrollView:(UIScrollView *)scrollView
{
CGPoint currentOffset = scrollView.contentOffset;
CGRect currentFrame = scrollView.frame;
scrollView.contentOffset = CGPointZero;
scrollView.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, scrollView.contentSize.width, scrollView.contentSize.height);
UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(scrollView.contentSize, YES, UIScreen.mainScreen.scale);
[scrollView.layer renderInContext:UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()];
UIImage *snapshotImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
UIGraphicsEndImageContext();
scrollView.contentOffset = currentOffset;
scrollView.frame = currentFrame;
if (self.delegate && [self.delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(snapshotHandler:didFinish:forView:)]) {
[self.delegate snapshotHandler:self didFinish:snapshotImage forView:_captureView];
}
}
@end